johnson



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. JOHNSON.

BRICK MACHINE.

Patented Nov XNyE NTOR ,No Model.)

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

W. JOHNSON.

BRICK MACHINE.

310415343. Patented Nov. 19, 1889.

H i H W440i Quirk 2 "u fl/fo'. j] 4/ I (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. JOHNSON.

BRICK MACHINE.

No. 415,343. Patented Nov. 19, 1889.

Ft gj -.tiles, artificial fuel, and, generally, for use in ward to discharge the molded and pressed one of the cam-wheels II. Fig. 6 is a view of the same link.

UNITED STATES \VILLIAM JOHNSON, OF LEEDS,

PATENT, ()FFICE.

COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND:

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,343, dated November 19, 1889-.

Application filed August 14, 1889.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM JOHNSON, engineer, a subjectot' the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, of the Castleton Foundry, Armley Road, Leeds, in the county of York, England, have invented certain Improvements in Machinery for Molding and Pressing Clay, Coal-Dust, and other Substances, of which the following is a specifica- My invention relates to machinery for dnce bricks, tiles, briquettes, blocks, balls, or coheringmasses.

My improved machine is adapted for use in the manufacture of building and fire bricks,

cases wherein substances or mixtures in a powdered or subdivided or semi-cohering condition have to be formed into cohering masses.

In my machine the substance to be treated is fed from a hopper into molds by means of a reciprocating charger. The pressing-plungers descend before the withdrawal of such charger. ,The-plungers are raised to permit the charger to withdraw and then descend a second time and are forcibly pressed into the molds. The plnngers are again withdrawn and pistons,which are sustained by springs against the pressure of the plungers, are pushed upbricks or briquettes from the molds.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical cross-section on the line 1 1 in Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a corresponding view showing the acting parts in different positions. Fig. 3is a front elevation, partly in section, of the machine. Fig. 4 is a plan of themachine. Fig. 5 is a separate view of one of the links '21 Fig. 7' is a front view of The machine, as represented, is designed to form four bricks or briquettes during each revolution of the main shaft A. The four molds b are fitted in seatings in a strong cross-beam B, which helps to connect together two standards c c, which carry the shaft A. The four plungers d d are attached to a heavy pressing-head D, which is adapted at Serial No. 320,676. (No model.)

each end to slide between planed cheeks e e, V

pressing head is guided to move up and down in a straight vertical line-that is, in. a direct line toward and from the molds. The checks e e can be adjusted'by means of screws e, so that the vertical line of motion of the pressing-head can be adjusted to suit the molds in order that when the pressing-head descends the ends of the plungers shall enter the months of the molds. The said screws also furnish means for adjustment of the cheeks, so that the slides shall have onlya sufficient amount of working freedom, aswill be understood. The ends of the pressinghead or projections therefrom pass through slots in the two standards 0, and these projectin g ends carry anti-friction bowls fiwhich are mounted to revolve upon studs. These bowls are acted upon by curved cam-rails g g, (seen, also, in Fig. 5,) which are attached to or formed upon the sides of the two camwheels H H, which are provided with teeth, so as to constitute spur-wheels. Two p'inions h, fixed. upon a cross-shaft 71, mesh with the teeth of the two wheels H, and the'shaft t' receives motion from the first driving-shaft j through the spur-wheels j.

The shaft j is provided with fast and loose pulleys 1' and with a fly-wheelj When the fast pulley is revolved by means of a drivingbelt, a slow powerful motion is imparted to the two wheels H and thereby to the main shaft A, upon which the two wheels are fixed. As the cam-wheels H revolve in the indicated direction, the leading end of the cam-rail 9 passes below the bowl f on the pressing-head and lifts the said bowl. As both of the wheels H are of the same formation and are both provided with corresponding sets of cam-rails,

it will be seen that the pressing-head is lifted by both ends, and continues. to be parallel with the table is of the machine as the pressing-head rises and falls. The two cam-rails 9, after lifting the pressing-head, keep it up for a time and then drops it; but it is immediately raised again by the other set of camrails g. cams l l, which act upon bowls d',-which are mounted to revolve upon the pressing-head.

Upon the shaft A are fixed two pressing-down actions upon the pressing- 1 head, with a dwell between the two actions.-

The material to be charged into the molds is supplied to a hopper 0. A charger of, in the form' of a box without a bottom, is arranged to slide to and fro on the face of the table \Vhen in one position, it forms a downward.

continuation of the hopper, as seen in Fig. l, and when moved into its other position (seen in Fig. 2) it incloses the months of the molds.

Thesaid feeder is provided with a rearward extension-plate which slides below the bottom of the hopper when the feeder is moved toward the molds, so that the contents of the. hopper are retained by such plate. A crossbar 0", attached to the plate 0 is connected by means of a link with the lower end of a lever g, which is mounted upon a fulcrumstud 1', which is fixed to the standard, there being a corresponding arrangement at each side of the machine. The upper end of each lever is provided with an anti-friction'bowl I. to the mouthsof the molds.

poses, however, this compound construction. 5

q'.- At each revolution of the shaftA two tappets upon the two wheels H strike the bowls q, and b moving outward the upper ends of the tw levers cause the lower ends thereof to move inwardthat is, in the directionindicated in Fig. 1the result being that thecharger is moved from its position in Fig. The tappet on" one side of the machine is indicated by the 1 to the position in Fig. 2.

dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2. The return movements of the said lever and charger are effected by the cam-rails 9. After the presser-head has been lifted out of the way by the rails g the leading ends of the rails 9 come above or behind the bowls upon the levers q andforce the upper ends of such levers inward, thereby withdrawing the charger-below the hopper.

Theparts of the machine as so far described are substantiall the same as parts which have been used in machines for the manufac ture of. bricks previously to my invention.

7 Within each mold a piston b is fitted to slide up and down. These pistons are of a compound formation-that is to say, each piston consists of one piston b sliding within the other b, as clearly seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The reason for this construction is that the machine as drawn is adapted for use in the formation of briquettes having rounded edges,- so. that the upper face of the piston, being concave or dished, the briquettes could vnot be pushed sidewise 01f the tops of the pistons when the latter have'lifted the briquettes up For many purwould not be acquired. The outer piston b is shaped to form the rounded edges on the lower face of the briquette' the inner piston having a fiat face. The faces oftheplungers d are dished to. impart the required form to' the other face of the briquette. A strong bar 71% passes through slots'in all the pistons, and

the two ends of this barpass through slotsin.

the standards and engage with the lower ends of two links an. The upper ends of these links are provided with anti-friction bowls, which are acted upon once in each revolution of the shaft Aby means of inclines n upon the two cam-wheels H. .As the said wheels re- .volve these inclines pass below the two bowls and raise the same, whereby the bar m is lifted and raises all the pistons. It will be seen that-the slots b in the outer piston b are longer than the depth, of the lifting-bar, so that the latter has a little play in the said slots. The effect of this is that the inner pistons rise a little in advance of the outer pistons.

I construct the parts so that bricks or briquettes of dilferent thicknesses can be made. This I eifect by lengthening or shortening the links '11., as may be required, and by adding to or taking from the incline n. Figs.

6 and 7 show how I vary the length of each link n. Apacking-pi'ece n? is interposed between the head n of thelink and the body of the same. moved or be changed for a thinner packing, thus shortening the link, the effect being that the material in the molds during the pressing operation, at the same time that the said This packing can be entirely re'- .the bar m does not descend so low, and a thinsprings will yield to an excessive pressnre such, for examplejas would arrest the motion of the cams Z l. The said springs are seated in recesses u in a cross-beam 1B, which also serves to connect together the lower parts of the two standards 0. of these springs may be varied, so long as yielding supports capable of sustaining the required pressure are employed.

The operation of the machine may be described as follows: In Fig. 1 the parts are rep resented as when the contents of the molds are receiving the final pressure.- As the cane wheels revolve, the cams Z pass away from the bowlsd, and the cam -rails 9, coming round, lift the pressing-head. When it is raised high enough for the charger to pass below, the

The form and material,

presser-headds sustained by the concentric.

portions of the cam-rails. In the meantime the tappets shave commenced to act upon the lovers q and the charger, full of the material to be molded, has commenced to move inward, and when the pressei head is out of the way the said charger moves below it into the position seen in Fig. 2. Material will now fall from the charger into the molds and fill the same. The charger is of such proportions as that when the molds are full there will still be some material left above the mouths of the molds. The rails g now release the presserhead,'which falls its own weight. As the weight of this part and of the attached plungers areconsiderable, the excess of material is forced into the molds and their contents receive a first compression. The presser-head is immediately lifted by the cam-rails g, and the rails g, acting on the bowls q, effect the withdrawal of the charger into position below the hopper to receive a fresh charge. During such withdrawal of the charger the molds are again filled up level from the material remaining in the charger. The cam-rails g now release the presser-head and the plungers fall a second time into the molds, giving a second compression to the charges. The cams Zhave now come around to act upon the bowls (1'. These cams, forcing down the presser-head, give two powerful squeezes to the charges in the molds, with a dwell between. thus be seen that the charges in the molds receive four compressions. The yielding pressure of the springs assists in promoting the discharge of the contained air. When the cams I have ceased to act, the cam-rails g again lift the presser-head, and at the same time the inclines act upon the bowls upon the links n to raise the bar m, and thereby the pistons, until the latter are in the positions indicated in Fig. 2, the inner pistons 1: having risen to the same height as the outer edges b, or a little over, so as to be level with the top of the table. The charger now advances and pushes oif the briquettes, as seen in Fig. 2, wherein 1' indicates a briquette.

It will.

The bar m is now permitted to drop quickly by the bowls running down the sharp inclines at n, and the pistons go down, the material from the charger at the same time following the pistons and passing into the molds. When desirable, I make the plungers hollow, so that steam can be admitted to heat the surfaces which come in contact with the charge to prevent the sticking of the material beingpressed to the plungers. For the same reason steam may be admitted into the pistons.

The number of moldsmay be less or greater than four, and their proportions and forms may be varied to suit circumstances.

Having now fully described my invention, I state that I claim 1. The pistons b N, the slots 1), the links at, bar m, and the inclines n 71 in combination with the main' shaft A, the pressing-cams Z l, and the two cam-wheels ll, with the parts g g and the presser-head D, provided with plungers 01, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

2. The pistons 7) b the slots b the links 72,, bar 112, the inclines n n, and the springs u, in combination with the resser-head I), the plungers d, the cam-wheels ll, the parts 9 g, the tappets s, the lever q, the charger o, and the hopper 0, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

The links n, the packings 22 the facings it and the bar 112, in combination with the molds b, the pistons b b, or with solid pistons, the plungers d, and the cam-wheels 11, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name -to this specification in the presence of two subseribin g witn esses.

WILLIAM JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

EDWARD K. DUTTON, FREDR. DILLON. 

